
Global leaders have adopted a pandemic agreement after three years of negotiation, aiming to enhance international cooperation in preparing for and responding to future disease outbreaks. The accord includes measures for information sharing, resource allocation, and coordinated research, with oversight by the World Health Organization.

The United Kingdom and European nations have introduced new sanctions targeting entities that support Russia's military, following a recent call between Donald Trump and Vladimir Putin that did not yield concessions from Moscow.

Archaeologists have discovered two Homo erectus skull fragments beneath the Madura Strait in Java, Indonesia. These findings provide new evidence about the migration patterns and habitats of early humans, challenging previous theories about the species' history in Southeast Asia.

The Reserve Bank of Australia (RBA) has lowered its official interest rate to a new record low of 1.00 percent, marking the second cut this year. The move is aimed at supporting employment and achieving inflation targets amid concerns about global economic risks and trade tensions. The RBA indicated it may reduce rates further if economic conditions deteriorate.

France, the United Kingdom, and Canada have intensified their criticism of Israel's ongoing ground offensive in Gaza, calling for an end to the military operations that began after the Hamas attacks on October 7, 2023. Israel's actions have been supported by weapons and funding primarily from the United States, with additional diplomatic backing from allied countries.

NASA has issued a warning about increased solar flare activity from the Sun's most active region, which is now facing Earth. These solar flares could disrupt radio communications, power grids, navigation systems, and spacecraft operations.
Huawei has launched HarmonyOS, its own operating system for personal computers, aiming to reduce dependence on American technology such as Microsoft Windows. The rollout aligns with China's broader initiative to replace foreign technologies amid ongoing geopolitical tensions.

Contemporary Amperex Technology Co. Ltd. (CATL), a leading Chinese battery manufacturer, saw its shares increase in value during its first day of trading in Hong Kong. The company raised HK$35.7 billion (approximately $4.6 billion) in what is the largest public offering globally so far this year. Despite being listed by the U.S. Department of Defense, CATL's debut was successful.

US President Joe Biden, the oldest person to serve as president, was diagnosed with cancer, leading to increased scrutiny of his health. This development followed his withdrawal from the 2024 reelection race after a debate performance that diminished his support among Democrats.

Canada, the United Kingdom, and France have issued a warning to Israel regarding its recent military actions and the humanitarian situation in Gaza. The countries criticized Israel's announcement to allow only a basic quantity of food into Gaza, calling it insufficient, and expressed concern over the high level of suffering among the civilian population.